Влияние структурных особенностей на поведение железоуглеродистых сплавов ледебуритного класса в процессе горячей деформации

Abstract

RU: Детально показано влияние фазовых превращений, которые происходят в карбидах железоуглеродистых сплавов эвтектического типа, на их поведение при обработке давлением. К таким сплавам относятся стали карбидного класса и белые чугуны.

Рассмотрена роль карбидных превращений в повышении или снижении технологической пластичности экономнолегированных белых чугунов. Показано, что используя фазовые переходы в метастабильных карбидах можно в несколько раз повысить пластичность труднодеформируемых материалов и обеспечить их успешную обработку давлением в промышленных условиях.

EN: Treatment of pressure can significantly improve the mechanical properties of the iron–alloy eutectic, such alloys are white cast irons. If you increase the technological plasticity, you can use these alloys deformed state.

The primary structure of white cast iron consists of austenite dendrites and eutectic, this is virtually unchanged from heat treatment and it saved when heated under hot deformation. When the alloying white white cast iron of V, Cr, W, Mo, this elements dissolve in the iron carbide М3С, and carbide’s metastability increases. more stable carbide phase are highlighted in the cementite eutectic colonies when to apply annealing, then in the cementite is not enough carbon and it transforms into the austenite. The result is a division of cementite. We must use the phase transformations in the eutectic carbides to improve their plasticity.

The purpose of the work is to study the effect of structural features on conduct of iron–carbon alloys of ledeburite class with different carbon content 2,3…3,5 %, and with vanadium. in the process of hot deformation.

It has been found, when the deformation of the main structural parameter ledeburitic alloys is the amount of eutectic constituent in the form of a continuous or discontinuous grid, as well as the structure of eutectic colonies. The formation of a subgrain structure in the eutectic cementite increases ductility white cast irons. Hot deformation stimulates the formation of carbides VС in the iron carbide, which is supersaturated vanadium. This carbide turning contributes to the development of recrystallization in the eutectic cementite during intermediate annealing. In the deformation process is a division cementite crystals on new boundaries,it increases ductility of cast iron during deformation. The use of carbide transformations allowed us to successfully carry out the deformation ledeburitic irons on the equipment in an industrial environment.