До питання підвищення довговічності підрейкових основ на залізницях України

Abstract

UK: Для разработки оптимального состава бетона проведен планированный эксперимент с использованием качественных материалов, отвечающих всем требованиям нормативных документов. В результате было установлено, что для повышения прочности необходимо введение химических добавок в состав бетона, что позволяет снизить водоцементное отношение и уменьшить расход цемента. Также это положительно влияет на структуру цементного камня, что приводит к повышению прочности, морозостойкости и водонепроницаемости бетона.

EN: Problem definition. On the Railways of Ukraine is very large number of slab tracks operated with cracks, which leads to significant reduction of term of their service. The main causes of defects are unsatisfactory operation of the way and insufficient physical–mechanical characteristics of concrete and low quality raw materials. It is therefore necessary to develop the optimum structure of concrete for manufacturing these concrete products.

Purpose: to identify the main defects slab tracks on the Railways of Ukraine and give reasons for their possible development. Put the results of implementation of the planned experiment and to provide recommendations for improving the technology of manufacturing these concrete products.

Analysis of recent research: a lot of scientific works of the previous years it is dedicated to the improvement of the design of slab tracks. But very little attention is paid to quality of materials, improving the technology of manufacturing of these structures.

Results: to develop optimal composition of concrete was conducted planned experiment using quality materials that meet all the requirements of normative documents. As a result it was established that to increase the strength necessary introduction of chemical additives in the structure of concrete that allows reducing water-cement ratio and reducing consumption of cement. It also has a positive effect on the structure of a cement stone, which leads to increased strength, frost resistance and water resistance of concrete.

Conclusion. On the basis of the received results it is necessary to conduct the second of the planned experiment. This will allow more carefully choose such a composition of the concrete mixture that will meet all the requirements and have very high physical–mechanical characteristics. But the task should be approached very carefully, because most of the existing defects in structures of slab tracks appear because of infringement of technology of their manufacture.