Деякі аспекти організації поверхневого водовідводу на вулицях м. Дніпропетровська

Abstract

UK: Виконаний аналіз сучасних способів і схем організації поверхневого водовідведення на дорогах, в тому числі міської зони Дніпропетровська. Виявлено, що лінійний водовідвід має ряд переваг ніж точковий, бо більш ефективний, простий в конструкції і монтажу і найбільш економічний при влаштуванні.

EN: With 50 years of XX century arrangements for drainage of surface water (rain, snowmelt, from watering and washing, urban roads and streets ) has become a mandatory part of the design of urban roads [5; 6; 8]. Diversion of surface water can solve a number of problems. First, it reduces the number of traffic accidents and their severity reduced. Secondly, it prevents the penetration of water into the roadbed. As a result of reduced intensity during suffusion of pavement and does not deteriorate the mechanical properties of soils. Currently in the design, there are many methods of surface drainage systems, but leaving the road and climatic, economic and operating conditions, not all types of Drainage may apply in specific urban environments. Despite the large volume of publications and standards that govern the rules of design and installation of Drainage, recommendations on the structures under the conditions of a certain area is not enough. The writings of M. I. Alekseev [1] are common means of payment Drainage and selection of designs on the characteristics of the flow. Calculation of rain water offer foreign scientists [12– 15], based on the speed and bandwidth dependency structures. Building codes [3; 4] the general principles governing the design of drainage systems and structures that are designed to collect and transport runoff from surrounding areas directly from the road network, including the diversion of rainwater and melt water, receiving and removing water from the watering of streets, of the fault conduit systems and communications facilities, urban drainage systems shallow, productive waters that are allowed to descent without special purification or after crossing treatment plant, removing water from washing cars with the required clearance without the latest advances in the field of building production. Analyze the ways of arranging the surface drainage on city streets and roads as an example of Dnepropetrovsk and identify the most effective drainage construction in the road network. Conclusion. Based on the analysis and research in areas streets of Dnepropetrovsk at the moment, we can draw the following conclusions: 1. Drainage systems on the city streets of Dnepropetrovsk is not fulfilling its function in full; 2. The roads are mostly used point drain, line drain system is only used in some areas of the city; 3. One of the most effective ways to improve the drainage of water from the surface of the roadway - the device is linear drainage structures, which it is advisable to apply for the reconstruction of a comprehensive urban areas.