Аналіз сучасного стану банківської системи України

Abstract

UK: У статті досліджені сучасні тенденції функціонування банківських установ України в умовах воєнного стану. Серед основних тенденцій на ринку банківських послуг визначені скорочення кількості банківських установі мережі відділень, зменшення чистих кредитів й зростання активів банків, нерівномірне зростання депозитів, поширення діджиталізації послуг, утримання рентабельності банківських установ. Виокремлені найбільші банки України за величиною активів, досліджені рейтинги українських банків за обсягом кредитів, подано рейтинг надійних банків України для фізичних і юридичних осіб. Представлено ренкінг ТОП-10 банків України фінансової надійності на основі скоригованого індексу фінансової надійності банку, розрахованого аналітичним відділом YouControl.

EN: The article researches the functioning process of the Ukrainian banking system during the period of uncertainty and martial law, and highlights the main trends. It states the role of the National Bank of Ukraine in the regulation of the financial sector in the country during the war period. It is noted that in order to make banking services accessible to the population and business, the range of deposit products has been expanded and marketing tools have been well-founded; retail lending has gradually been renewed, and credit claims of distressed borrowers are being sold. The author specifies the main trends in the functioning of the banking system: a decrease in the number of banking institutions and a reduction in the branch network; the growth of bank assets caused by the hryvnia emission at the beginning of the war to cover budget expenditures for social and military needs; banks' liquidity remained sufficient despite the crisis period; there was a decrease in the net loan portfolio of banks, which is explained by a decrease in demand among customers and a decrease in solvency; increase in the number of distressed loans; minor renewal of foreign currency deposits due to the offer of "conversion deposits", which are used during purchases at a preferential rate by cashless payment; the profitability of banking institutions was maintained, but due to dwindling reserves. The study also indicates the improvement of the mobile experience due to general digitalization during the war in the country, which enabled delivery of better quality service for the bank customers. The ratings of the largest banks of Ukraine were studied by the size of assets and volume of loans. Based on the research of the Forinsurer company conducted among Ukrainian banks, the TOP ten reliable institutions for both individuals and legal entities have been selected. As a result, the analysis determined the most profitable banking institutions during the martial law period. It presents the ranking of the TOP-10 Ukrainian banks in terms of adjusted financial reliability index, calculated by the analytical department of YouControl. It is noted that such an analysis provides information regarding the operational sustainability, but for a more complete assessment it is important to consider the factors of the market environment.